5.) There are 2 allophones of /p/ I can think of. one is the aspirated /ph/ as in the word pot, pan, pain. These words, durring the /p/ sound there is an extra puff af air before the vowel; almost like a short pause. The other allophone is the standard /p/ sound without the aspiration. This sound can be heard in words such as span, ape, or spoke. For ELLs , if this phoneme exists in their first language, it doesn't always mean it has the same allophone. Freeman states "Each language uses a different invemtory of sounds.As a result, some phonemes from one language may be identical to those in another language, and some may be different. At the same time, sounds that are phonemes in one language my be allophones of a phoneme in another language." (p. 92)
6.) Different dialects is an intersting topic to discuss. I enjoy hearing people of different areas of the country speaking English that is a little different from my version. I use the words "truck", "elevator", and "apartment". I have heard Enlish people say "Lorry", "Lift", and "Flat". to identify these objects. I met a couple from western pennsylvania and the use the word "pop" to identify my version of "soda". When I went on a trip to Boston, a woman asked me "Do you got any butts?"...She wanted a "cigarette" from me. I had a roommate from the Philiadelphia/Delaware area and he used to talk about how thing were back "houme" which is different than the way I say "home". American people call the letter"z" /zi/ when a Canadian man I knew called it /z3d/.
To say that a particular dialect is identified as less intelligent than another wouldn't be fair in my eyes. Just as icecream comes in many different flavors, so does language. I see dialects as a different flavor with in the same type of food. Dialects provide a variety of sounds and each has it's own culture behind it. I don't like the idea of a standard dialect because to me, it takes away some of the culture and advancement of language. Think about Latin. 5 different languages evolved from that single language (Spanish, French, Portugese, Italian, and Romanian). Do you think they all came about by having a standard Latin dialect? I think not. I think they came about by the diversity of the dialects spoken throughout Europe. In the future, who knows how many new languages will evolve from English?
Damian,
ReplyDeleteYou did excellent analyzing the allophone /p/ and provided good examples.
Your word examples of different dialects were very good. I agree with you that language has a variety of "ice cream flavors". Similarly, people have different identities influenced by their backgrounds.